Main properties of permanent magnet materials commonly used in motors
- Time of issue:2021-10-20
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Main properties of permanent magnet materials commonly used in motors
The permanent magnet materials commonly used in motors include sintered magnets and bonded magnets. The main types are AlNiCo, ferrite, samarium cobalt and neodymium iron boron powerful magnets.
Alnico materials were used more before the 1980s. It has the advantages of excellent temperature stability, time stability and application of ultra-high temperature environmental conditions. It is only used in special applications such as high temperature requirements and very good magnetic stability. .
Ferrite material is a non-metallic permanent magnet material, and the price is low. It is mainly used in economical series of micro-motor products that do not require high performance and volume, and are large in quantity and wide in scope. Such as toy motors, household electrical appliances motors, audio and video motors, office equipment and general instrument motors, automotive and motorcycle motors, and industrial low-power drive motors.
Samarium cobalt material is a permanent magnet material with excellent magnetic properties that emerged in the mid-1960s, and its performance is very stable. Samarium cobalt is particularly suitable for manufacturing motors in terms of magnetic properties, but due to its high price, it is mainly used for research and development of military motors such as aviation, aerospace, weapons and high-performance motors in high-tech fields where price is not the main factor. The neodymium iron boron material is called the third-generation high-performance permanent magnet material that appeared in the 1980s. It has higher magnetic properties than samarium cobalt, poor thermal stability, and is easy to rust. It must be surface protected, but it is cheap , So it is quickly promoted and applied. With the continuous update of NdFeB materials, the temperature performance continues to improve, especially since the 1990s, low temperature coefficient, high temperature resistant NdFeB materials have been successfully developed, and the working temperature of high-performance heat-resistant NdFeB can reach 200℃, and the price is constantly decreasing, so that most of the industrial and civil motors use neodymium iron boron materials, and will replace most of the original ferrite materials and be used in low-cost economical motors.
Bonded strong magnet permanent magnet material is a composite permanent magnet material made by methods such as compression, injection or extrusion molding after mixing a binder and a permanent magnet material, including bonded ferrite, bonded alnico , Bonded samarium cobalt and bonded neodymium iron boron. Among them, bonded neodymium iron boron is currently the best bonded permanent magnet material. Compared with sintered permanent magnet materials, it has the advantages of good machining performance, easy forming, can be made into various complicated shapes, good uniformity and consistency of magnetic properties, and easy multi-pole magnetization. However, the magnetic properties of bonded permanent magnet materials are lower than that of sintered magnets of the same type, and the magnetic energy product is about 40% to 70% of that of sintered magnets of the same material. Among bonded permanent magnet materials, bonding NdFeB has the best prospects. If bonding NdFeB solves the process problems and improves the quality, it will become the most widely used permanent magnet material. It is currently mainly used in precision micromotors such as small brushless DC motors and stepper motors.
relevant information
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What kind of strong magnet is of good quality?At present, the sales competition of powerful magnets in the market is becoming more and more intense. In order to obtain a better competitive advantage in the market, many magnet manufacturers will use inferior raw materials to reduce costs. Therefore, when buying a strong magnet, we must know how to distinguish the quality of the strong magnet, so that we can buy a relatively high-quality strong magnet. - Permanent magnet motor and its characteristics 2021-10-20
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